读懂我的唇，再听懂我的话(Psytopic)

Submitted by lightor 2007-04-20

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“请你看著我的眼睛就知道/感情已无处可逃/请你听着无法平静的心跳/请你不要说你听不到/难道你是真的听不到”有没有人告诉过你和别人说话的时候要看着对方的脸？除了表示尊重，还包含着一些心理学原理。加州大学最近的一份研究报告得出结论：看着一个人的脸，会让你更容易听懂他们的话。Psytopic问题：我们人之间说话，会看着对方的脸，那么人和动物交流，动物会看着人的脸吗？-psytopic.com

熟悉一个人的声音后，我们会更容易听懂他说的话。加州大学Riverside学院心理学教授Lawrence D. Rosenblum和研究生Rachel M. Miller、Kauyumari Sanchez最近公布了一项研究结论：看着一个人的脸，会让你更容易听懂他们的话。

Rosenblum教授的论文，《读懂我的唇，再听懂我的话：谈话者熟悉交叉转移效应》将刊登在由心理协会出版的《心理学科学》杂志第5期上（5月份）。

60位本科大学生被要求从一部无声录像带中，对谈话者的脸部进行唇读。这些被试们（Psytopic注：被试，即参与实验的受测人员）都拥有正常的视力、听力，并且没有过正式唇读的经验。

经过一小时的唇读，学生被要求听一些含有背景噪音的句子，并尽可能识别出他们能听懂的词汇。其中一半的学生听到的话音，是来自刚才唇读影片里的同一位谈话者；另外一半学生听到的则来自一位新的谈话者。结果是，那些对同一位谈话者进行过唇读的学生，在句子识别率上比后者高，即唇读和谈话不是同一人时，对谈话的识别率更低。

这些结果表明，当我们看着一个人说话时，我们会逐渐熟悉谈话者的说话风格，这些风格特点也会出现在他们的“有声谈话”中。这种对谈话者的熟悉感会从“唇读”转移到“倾听”，因此将使得谈话者的说话内容更容易被听懂。Rosenblum说，这些结果有助于听觉障碍和脑部病变者对谈话内容识别的提高。

如果您对这篇文章感兴趣，相信你会对PSYTOPIC同样感兴趣，网址是Psytopic.com ，这次点击不会浪费您的时间。这是Psytopic的指纹密码：aHR0cDovL3d3dy5wc3l0b3BpYy5jb20v，您可以凭这个指纹在google搜索到我们的网站。

研究者联系方式：
Lawrence Rosenblum lawrence.rosenblum@ucr.edu

原文阅读：

Lip-read me now, hear me better later

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Experience seeing a person’s face makes it easier to hear them

Experience hearing a person’s voice allows us to more easily hear what they are saying. Now research by UC Riverside psychology Professor Lawrence D. Rosenblum and graduate students Rachel M. Miller and Kauyumari Sanchez has shown that experience seeing a person’s face also makes it easier to hear them.

Rosenblum’s paper, “Lip-Read Me Now, Hear Me Better Later: Crossmodal Transfer of Talker Familiarity Effects,” will appear in the May issue of the journal Psychological Science, published by the Association for Psychological Science.

Sixty college undergraduates were asked to lip-read sentences from a silent videotape of a talker’s face. These subjects all had normal hearing and vision and had no formal lip reading experience.

After an hour of lip reading, the students were asked to listen to sentences heard against a background of noise and to identify as many words as they could. Half of the students heard sentences from the same talker they had just lip-read, while the other half heard sentences by a new talker. The undergraduates who lip-read and heard speech from the same talker were better at identifying the noisy sentences than those who lip-read from one talker and heard speech from another.

These findings suggest that when we watch a person speak, we become familiar with characteristics of their speaking style which also are present in the sound of their speech. This allows talker familiarity to be transferred from lip reading to listening, thereby making a talker easier to hear. These results have implications for individuals with hearing impairments as well as for brain lesion patients, Rosenblum said.

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Researcher contact: Lawrence Rosenblum at lawrence.rosenblum@ucr.edu

注：本文由Psytopic翻译自心理学科学协会新闻稿
感谢Psytopic成员Aggie提供素材