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心理书籍推荐:《上瘾五百年》

为什么咖啡,烟和酒叫货品,而鸦片、大麻、可卡因叫做毒品?实际上,烟酒糖...
饭做熟了。吃去。今天要早睡!http://congel.blogspot.com  
心理书籍推荐:《上瘾五百年》

为什么咖啡,烟和酒叫货品,而鸦片、大麻、可卡因叫做毒品?实际上,烟酒糖茶这些东西,无论从其滥用的危害到使人上瘾的特性,都与毒品没有多大的差别。毒品,这里译为瘾品,以降低贬义色彩。公众和政府对瘾品都可能存在依赖,公众是使用上瘾,政府是对其税收上瘾。个人戒瘾难度相当大,社会戒瘾难度也不小,还可能带来社会和经济问题。-psytopic.com

这本书并不是心理学著作,但是我还是愿意将它放到心理藏书中。这并不牵强,因为瘾品一直是心理学研究的一大重头戏。且不说成瘾行为一直是心理学的课题,各种瘾品对于大脑的作用也一直心理学家们的兴趣所在。

在继续行文之前,说一说书的翻译。总体上来讲,此书的翻译还是相当成功,如果不是偶尔出现的小瑕疵(一些心理学相关的词译得不太规范,但不影响理解),我基本上意识不到是在读译作。这里我要花几分钟探讨Drug这个词的翻译。在前面我两次提到的“瘾品”这个词就是译者所选取对drug的翻译。我不知道把drug翻译成“瘾品”是不是这本书的首创,但是如果你用google搜索这个词的话,就会发现绝大多数的网页都与这本《上瘾五百年》有关。学过英语的同学应该知道,Drug这个词的意思其实是“药物”。而如果你在欧美国家生活过的话,就会知道此词的最常用意思是“毒品”。把drug翻译成瘾品,一定程度上会使人不能意识到这些物质多数曾经是药品的现实,也弱化了它们都是曾经或正在给个人和整个人类社会带大巨大伤害的有毒之物这一事实。

提起毒品,人们最容易想起的是海洛因,可卡因,大麻,…。而本文中所提到的“Drug”除了上面的那些,更是包括了烟酒糖茶,还有咖啡因饮料(咖啡,可口可乐)这些国人平常并不认为是“Drug”的东西。我猜想,作者正是考虑到了这一点,对drug的翻译既没有采用比较正统“药物”也没有采用比较流行的 “毒品”,二是采用了较为温和的“瘾品”。这样的译法并无不妥,但确有为了迎合普通大众认知而弱化Drug的药用价值和毒品性质,而只强调其因人上瘾这一共性。但这与作者的本意似有相悖:烟酒糖茶这些东西,无论从其滥用的危害到使人上瘾的特性,都与毒品无大差别。不过这里我还是采用瘾品一词,一是对译者的尊重,而来则是,我也是在想不出怎样的词能涵盖Drug一词的全部含义。

本书中,作者对流行与世界的毒品做了介绍:三大宗的咖啡,烟,酒和三小宗的鸦片、大麻、古柯叶做了介绍,提出并回答了为什么这些瘾品成为了世界流行的货品而不是其他。之后他分析了瘾品与贸易,瘾品与权力的关系。作者叙述的诸多现象与史实让我惊叹不已。学界政界以及一般大众对于瘾品流行的所起的作用更是使人深思。Psytopic心理学

瘾品,无论是哪一种,都是利用了人自身的弱点而大发神威的。而一旦有机会接触瘾品,极少有人能逃过他们的魔掌。对于我们来说,最好的方法就是不去尝试第一次。因为一旦被他们掳获,人就会被它改变改变——没错,毒瘾可以戒除,可是戒除之后的人们,再也不可能恢复到吸食毒品之前了。他们会记得High时的幸福感觉,那感觉是那样的廉价(但是代价也巨大)。一旦再次面临诱惑,这样的人更容易重蹈覆辙。

我在这部书中学到不少,也对不少社会问题的有了更为清醒的认识。比如公众和政府对瘾品的依赖。公众是使用上瘾,政府是对其税收上瘾。戒除瘾品的难度和可能带来的社会、经济问题:个人戒毒难度相当大,不戒又伤害身体浪费财富。政府多瘾品管制程度加大,会引发黑市交易,不但会减少税收,还存在引发社会动荡的可能;政府管制放松,则会引来滥用,而滥用带来的生产力降低,医疗负担增加和相关的社会问题(犯罪)也是难治的毒瘤。

此外,因为瘾品的治疗作用和毒害作用兼有,医生在使用这些物质时经常面临两难的局面。使用某些瘾品可以治病救人,却也容易病人对这些药物上瘾,如何取舍并不是件容易的事情。而“聪明的”大众不断的试用各种医用药物的非医疗作用(通过服用感冒药止痛要来过瘾的事屡有发生)。

国家政治精英使用瘾品为自己赚取财富,控制底层劳工,用心险恶。但他们反过来又深受其害,欲罢不能。待到想要禁绝的时候,自己中毒已深,难以成功。

个人的教训。尽量不让自己将来的孩子过早接触各种瘾品。一定找适当的时候像他传达瘾品的害处和统治阶级放任瘾品使用的险恶用心。

读罢此书,我感想颇多,不能在这里一一尽数。而且,说得再多也是嚼过的甘蔗渣子,没多少味道。原书奉上,还是请各位自行品尝吧。

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The essence of reading "Five hundred years addictive"

Why are coffee, cigarettes and alcoholic drinks are called goods, and opium, marijuana, cocaine drug called? In fact, the tobacco himalense these things, whether the harm from abuse to the addictive properties, are related to the drug is not much difference. Drugs, here translated as addictive chemicals in order to reduce the negative color. The public and the Government's addiction to rely on goods that may exist, the public is the use of addiction, the Government is addicted to its revenue. Personal Drug Rehabilitation considerable difficulty, social Drug Rehabilitation is not a small degree of difficulty, but also bring about social and economic problems. -psytopic.com


This book is not a psychology book, but I was willing to put its books in psychology. This is not far-fetched, because addiction is a psychological study of goods has been a big key. Not to mention addictive behaviors has been the subject of psychology, all kinds of addictive chemicals for the role of the brain has been of interest to psychologists.

Language before continuing to talk about the translation of the book. Overall, the translation of this book is quite successful, if not occasional small flaws (some psychology-related words have not translated norms, but does not affect the understanding), I basically unaware translated in time. Here, I take a few minutes to explore Drug translation of the word. I mentioned twice in front of the "addiction" in the word of the drug selected translator translation. I do not know the drug translated into "addiction" in this book is not the first, but if you google search using the word, then we will find the vast majority of pages are related to the "Five hundred years addictive" relevant. Students learn English should be aware, Drug meaning of the word is actually a "drug." And if you lived in Europe and the United States, they would know that the term most commonly used means "drug." The drug addiction of translation products, to some extent, people will not aware of most of these substances was the reality of drugs, but also once they are weakened or are in the process to individuals and the entire human society and brought enormous harm to the objects of this toxic facts.

Against drugs, the people most likely to think of the heroin, cocaine, cannabis ,...。 And this article mentioned in the "Drug" In addition to those above, but also includes himalense tobacco and alcohol, as well as caffeine drinks (coffee, Coca-Cola) These people usually do not think that is a "Drug" things. I suspect that the author is to take into account this point, the translation of the drug did not adopt more orthodox "drugs" there is no more popular use of "drug," the second is to adopt a more moderate "addiction goods." There is nothing wrong with this kind of translation, but do have to cater to the general public awareness and weakening Drug medicinal value and the nature of drugs, but only to emphasize their addiction because of the common people. However, with the intention of the authors seem to have run counter to: tobacco himalense these things, whether the harm from abuse to the addictive properties, are related to drugs no difference. But here I am still using the word addiction Commodities, one of respect for the translator, that is, I also can not think of what kind of words to cover the full meaning of the word Drug.

This book, the author of the popular and the world drug is introduced: the three big coffee, tobacco, alcohol, and three small opium, cannabis, coca leaf is introduced, raised and answered why these addictive chemicals into the world popular goods rather than the other. After his analysis addicted goods and trade, addictive chemicals and power relations. The author describes many phenomena and facts, let me marvel. Politicians, academics and the general public goods for Addiction popular role is to make more food for thought.

Addiction goods, no matter what kind, are taken advantage of people's own weaknesses and the大发神威. Once the goods have access to addiction, very few people can escape their clutches. For us, the best way is to never try first. Because once they are involved in the capture, who will be changed to change - Yes, drug addiction can quit, but quit after the people, no longer possible to return to taking drugs before the. High time they will remember the feeling of happiness, that feeling is so cheap (but also a great price). Once again faced with the temptation of such a person more vulnerable to the same old disastrous road.

I learned so much in this book, but also on many social issues have a more sober understanding of this. For example, the public and the Government's dependence on addictive chemicals. The public is the use of addiction, the Government is addicted to its revenue. Get rid of addiction and the difficulty of goods may be brought about by social, economic issues: personal drug considerable difficulty, do not quit again a waste of wealth bodily harm. Government to increase the level of addiction goods will trigger a black market transaction, it will not only reduce the tax, there is likely to trigger social unrest; the Government deregulation would lead to abuse, and abuse resulting from reduced productivity, increased medical costs and related social problems (crime) is also refractory malignant tumor.

In addition, because the role of addiction treatment chemicals and the poisoning effect of both, doctors in the use of these substances often faced with a dilemma. The use of certain chemicals can be addictive saving lives, but also easy for patients addicted to these drugs, how to make a choice is no easy task. And "smart" public trial constant variety of medical drugs for non-medical role (through the use of cold medicine painkiller fun things to come frequently).

The country's political elite for their own use of addictive products to earn money, control the underlying labor, sinister intentions. However, they suffer in turn, stop. Stay when you want to ban that they have deep poisoning, it is difficult to succeed.

Individual lessons. As far as possible to prevent their future children premature exposure to a variety of addictive chemicals. Must find an appropriate time, as he conveyed the harmful effects of addiction goods and the ruling class, free use of addictive chemicals sinister.

读罢this book, I feel a lot that can not be listed out in full here. Moreover, it is chewing off more sugar cane bagasse, little taste. The original offer, or invite you to enjoy it.

suggest a better translation.



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  1. NG:2009-01-13 1:33 AM

    1

    其实最害怕的上瘾就是懒惰和沉沦,这种上瘾是致命的,而且是一种没有寄托的上瘾,希望大家都是积极的,至少多做些尝试

  2. Lion:2009-01-13 9:23 AM

    2

    瘾即使毒,是个可怕的词,懂得自我约束,就是无毒不入。

  3. ds:2009-01-13 10:05 AM

    3

    虽然还没来得及阅读,但看看LZ的评论应该还不错,下了thx~~

  4. Null:2009-01-13 11:10 AM

    4

    说句题外话,在IFile.it找个下载链接真麻烦 ,最后才发现第一行就是

  5. sp:2009-01-13 14:11 PM

    5

    As a coin has two sides.上瘾已经是一个中性词了.对"毒","害"的瘾,是负面的;对"善","情"的瘾,是正面了.

  6. Season:2009-01-13 14:46 PM

    6

    感觉PSY很久没有更新文章了,希望以后会更新更多好文章给大家!~~

    在此祝愿PSY永远兴隆!~~

  7. Will:2009-01-13 21:49 PM

    7

    讲了好多废话….不过算是让我知道这本书了

  8. Amanda:2009-01-14 8:14 AM

    8

    为什么会有这种植物诞生呢?

  9. conge:2009-01-15 9:02 AM

    9

    @null 给您添麻烦了。
    @will 看了这本书确实想法比较多。最终出来这么一篇文章也是没办法:没时间写别的了。
    @Amanda 这应该是植物的自我保护。为了避免被动物吃掉,植物产生有毒的生物碱,为的是让动物吃完了之后难受,以后再也不吃了。 不过人类却对这些生物碱产生了耐受… …

  10. windtung:2009-02-15 21:10 PM

    10

    很好的书,可惜下载的网站太慢了,可否请上传于share.ovi.com或者其他网站呢?

  11. +1
    小丑没有眼泪:2010-03-25 13:21 PM

    11

    为什么会有这种植物诞生呢?

    这个问题,我也说不上来,或许上帝可能知道?
    但是我觉得,或许是人们有对这种植物的效用发生了问题?大麻一开始是作为药用植物的。其他可能也是吧,

    还有人们对这种植物的需求。

我来说两句

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