知足常乐,“略微的不满足”事实上会让你变得更成功。在学校里感到很幸福的学生,19年后,即在他们37岁时,年收入要比他们“沉闷”的伙伴少大约8000美元。 没有人会把绝对的痛苦当作生存的“养分”,可要是无止境地寻求充满勇气和阳光的快乐生活,是不是有些危险呢?换句话说,“略微的不满足”所争取的那些东西会不会是无意义,甚至还有可能有害的?越来越多的心理学研究者开始察觉到这种可能性的存在,2007年12月出版的《心理科学》上报道说:自觉非常幸福的人更有可能花时间和精力去无私地做一名志愿者。“略微的不满足”的人呢?他们更多参与政治事务。-psytopic.com
不知足让你变得更成功?
最近一项新调查颇引人注目,其结果显示:“略微的不满足”事实上会让你变得更成功。当一个人对幸福的追求太过分时,他很难真正感到幸福。
托马斯·杰斐逊起草《独立宣言》的时候,是怎么预见到21世纪的美国人会围绕“追求幸福”这件事团团转呢?这位美国的“建国之父”当然不会预见到,今日美国人每年花费数十亿美元,用在成堆的讲述自我修养的书籍、录音带以及DVD等产品上。我们从中注意到这样一个问题,那就是:如今觉得自己有些幸福的人们,想要更幸福一些,而且他们会把大量支出花费在“让自己更幸福”上面。
成功却不幸福?
不过,“过分幸福”真是件好事吗?当然没有人会把绝对的痛苦当作生存的“养分”,可要是无止境地寻求充满勇气和阳光的快乐生活,是不是有些危险呢?或者换种说法,人们是否对“幸福”的期望值过高呢?
越来越多的心理学研究者开始察觉到这种可能性的存在。有个研究团队甚至已开始通过收集、分析大规模数据,来对此问题进行考察。美国弗吉尼亚大学的心理学教授和快乐研究专家们决定对两组人进行比较:一组自觉已非常幸福的人们;另一组则是自觉“适度”幸福,即认为幸福状况有待提高的人们。
为简便起见,我们暂且把以上两组人分别称为“非常幸福组”(the Blissful)和“适度幸福组”(the Contented)。心理学家并不对人们“变得幸福”的短暂时刻感兴趣,他们更在意幸福的稳定状态,即:人们对自己生活状态的总体判断。有一次,研究人员对这两组分别进行测试,测试内容包括:与人长久的亲密关系、教育状况、职业生涯、工资收入、公民事务以及慈善事业等等。
不出研究者们所料,他们发现和“适度幸福组”相比,“非常幸福组”拥有良好、持久人际关系的可能性更大。他们预测,并有分析显示,对自己生活感到不太幸福的人们,总的来说会有更大动力去做一些改变。与之相反,感到自己已非常幸福的那部分人,可能会对伙伴或朋友有更多依赖,这当然会对巩固彼此的关系有所裨益,相应的,他们感到更幸福也就很自然了。
如果您对这篇文章感兴趣,相信你会对PSYTOPIC同样感兴趣,网址是psytopic.com 。这是Psytopic的指纹密码:aHR0cDovL3d3dy5wc3l0b3BpYy5jb20=,您可以凭这个指纹在google搜索到我们的网站。
“可怜的8000美元奖金”
可是,在教育状况、职业生涯以及工资收入等方面,显示的结果却并不是人们想当然的那样。比如说,在只针对学生的一项研究中,“适度幸福组”对学业更有责任心。他们很少逃课,成绩也更好些。等到他们进入职场以后,“适度幸福组”的学历要更高,并且他们在事业的发展上也比“非常幸福组”更成功,同样他们的钱包也会更鼓一些。对一批大学一年级学生的追踪调查就证明了这点。当时在学校里感到很幸福的学生,19年后,即在他们37岁时,年收入要比他们“沉闷”的伙伴少大约8000美元。
为什么会是这样呢?让我们好好想想。你应该知道有一种情况叫做“略微的不满足”。一个从未被完全装满的瓶子,会总想装得更多。这种“略微的不满足”状况对“适度幸福组”来说是种优势,会使他们在学习和工作中有更强竞争动力。简单来说,就是“略微的不满足”会激发人们成功。我们把这种情况称为“可怜的8000美元奖金”现象。
“略微不满足”的人参加政务
在政坛上,这种情况也比比皆是。心理学家发现,“非常幸福组”比“适度幸福组”较少参与政治事务。参加公民事务通常被认为是一个人身心健康的衡量标准之一,所以当你刚看到上面的结论时,可能会觉得奇怪。不过这里同样有一个确定的逻辑:脾气不太好的人可能会视世界为不完美的,是需要改造的,所以他们要去做点什么去修补这些不足之处。或者还可以这样说:积极的态度和与大家保持一致,会让人们成为很好的伙伴,也会让他们成为乐于遵守社会公约的好公民。当然这些人也就不太会有想要改变世界的想法了。
“知足”的人参加公益
调查结果中最出乎大家意料的,是与慈善事业有关的研究。正如2007年12月出版的《心理科学》上报道的那样,当研究者问及有关志愿者工作的问题时,他们原以为答案会与政治事务的调查结果类似,即:那些不安生的、不满足的、总觉得世界需要改变的“适度幸福组”成员,更有可能有动力去做志愿者。可事实恰恰相反。研究者们发现,相比较“适度幸福组”,“非常幸福组”更有可能花时间和精力去无私地做一名志愿者。这样看来,志愿服务与工作、政治事务不太一样,它里面包含有更多友爱,它需要的是一种无私的爱心,而物质需求相对而言并非那么重要。
要记得我们一直以来都以为“非常幸福组”并不是那些“不断向上攀升的人们”,他们只是我们身边一些自觉最幸福的普通人,而被我们称为“适度幸福组”的那些人,其幸福程度事实上也比平均水平高一些。
可心理学家的这项研究告诉我们,“适度幸福组”“孜孜不倦”争取的那些东西,其实是无意义的,而且还有可能有害,特别是当他们追求幸福过于“变本加厉”时。
想要追求一种“完美幸福”,这未免太过理想化。毕竟,当一个人对幸福的追求太过分时,他是很难真正感到幸福的。
有关幸福的文章推荐
幸福转动:幸福感与亲密关系
幸福公式:如果幸福可以计算
幸福感与社会关系
写Blog能否成为心理健康的判断依据
Psytopic推荐自《青年参考》
Contentment is not enough?
Zhijuchangle "slight dissatisfaction" In fact you will become more successful. In school, the students are very happy, 19 years later, at the age of 37 in their annual income than their "boring" fewer partners around 8,000 dollars. No one will definitely survive the pain as "nutrients" that can be filled with endless search for the courage and sunshine happy life is not some dangerous? In other words, "are not satisfied with the little" fight for those things will not be meaningless, and even potentially harmful? An increasing number of researchers started to realize that psychology to the existence of such a possibility, in December 2007 publication of "Psychological Science" report says: consciously very happy people are more likely to spend the time and energy to do a selfless volunteers. "Slight dissatisfaction"? Them more involved in political affairs. - Psytopic.com
I do not know enough so that you become more successful?
Recently a new investigation quite remarkable, and the results showed that: "slight dissatisfaction" In fact you will become more successful. When a person to the pursuit of happiness too time-sharing, he really am happy difficult.
Thomas Jefferson drafted the "Declaration of Independence", is how predictable the Americans in the 21st century will focus on the "pursuit of happiness" to this matter Troupe? The America's "founding father" of course not foresee today Americans spend billions of dollars each year, with about self-cultivation in the stacks of books, tapes and DVD, and other products. We note that from such a problem, and that is: Now that some of their own well-being of people, some want more happiness, and they will spend a substantial amount of expenditure "for their more happiness," above.
Success is not happiness?
However, "too happy" is a good thing? Of course, no one will definitely survive the pain as "nutrients" that can be filled with endless search for the courage and sunshine happy life is not some dangerous? Or other kind of statement, whether people on the "happiness" of expectations too high?
An increasing number of researchers started to realize that psychology to the existence of such a possibility. Even have a research team has begun through the collection, large-scale data analysis to study this issue. University of Virginia psychology professor and happiness on the experts decided to compare the two groups of people: a group of conscientious people have been very happy; another group is consciously "moderate" happiness, and happiness is that the situation needs to be raised people.
For simplicity's sake, we have to defer to the above two groups were known as "very happy" (the Blissful) and the "moderate happiness" (the Contented). Psychologists of the people do not "become happiness," the brief moment of interest, they are more concerned about the stability of happiness, namely: people living on their own state's overall judgement. On one occasion, the two groups of researchers conducting separate test include: people with long-term intimate relationships, education, career, salary, civic affairs and charitable causes, and so on.
Not the researchers expected, and they found that "moderate happiness", compared to the "very happy" with good, the greater the possibility of lasting relationships. They forecast, and analysis shows that, on their own livelihood of the people are not happy, on the whole will have a greater motivation to do something to change. In contrast, and I feel very fortunate that some people may have more partners or rely on friends, of course, will consolidate mutual relations benefit, the corresponding, they feel happier it is a natural.
"Pitiful 8,000 US dollars bonus"
However, the situation in education, career and wage income, the results showed that it is not as people think. For example, only applies to students in a study, "moderate happiness" more responsibility in their studies. They rarely Taoke, has also been better. When they enter the workplace, the "moderate happiness" to higher qualifications, and they also on the development of the cause than "very happy" more successful, their wallet will be the same Genggu some. On the number of first-year university students on the follow-up investigation proves this point. At that time, in school, the students are very happy, 19 years later, at the age of 37 in their annual income than their "boring" fewer partners around 8,000 dollars.
Why is it so? Let us food for thought. You should know that there is a situation called "slight dissatisfaction." One has never been completely filled with bottles, with a lot more to the total. This "slight dissatisfaction" on the status of "moderate happiness" is kind of advantage, they will study and work in a stronger competitive force. Simply put, it is "not satisfied with the slightly" will stimulate the people to succeed. We have such a situation known as the "8000 US dollars prize money of the poor" phenomenon.
"Slight dissatisfaction" participants Chief
In the political arena, this situation also abound. Psychologists find that the "very happy" than "moderate happiness" less involved in political affairs. Participate in civic affairs are often perceived to be a measure of one's physical and mental health, so when you have just seen the above conclusions, may find it strange. However Similarly, there is a certain logic: not very good temperament may be the world as imperfect, is the need to reform, they want to do something to fix the deficiencies. Or we can also say this: with a positive attitude and all the same, the people will become very good partners, and also allow them to become happy to comply with the Convention on the social good citizens. Of course, these people would not have wanted to change the idea of the world.
"Contentment," and participate in public welfare
Contrary to the findings of most everyone expected, with cause-related research. As the December 2007 publication of "Psychological Science" reported, when researchers asked about the work of the volunteers, they thought the answer would be political affairs and the findings of similar, namely: those who disturbed students, meet, feel that the world needs to change the "moderate happiness" members are more likely to have an incentive to do volunteer. Contrary to the facts. The researchers found that, compared with "moderate happiness", "very happy" more likely to spend the time and energy to do a selfless volunteers. In view of this, voluntary service and work, not political affairs, it containing more friendliness, it requires is a selfless love, and material needs relative is not so important.
Remember that we have always been "very happy" is not the "constant upward people", and they are only around us some of the most well-being of ordinary people consciously, we were known as the "moderate happiness" of those who, happiness is actually higher than the average level.
The study can be psychologists tell us, "moderate happiness", "tireless" for those things, the fact is meaningless, but also potentially harmful, especially when they pursue happiness too "intensified".
To the pursuit of a "perfect happiness," and that it would be too idealistic. After all, when a person too much of the time of the pursuit of happiness, he is very difficult to really feel happy.
suggest a better translation.
白鲸:2008-01-12 21:08 PM
我属于适度幸福者。。。有时候确实觉得有点累~
SaSea:2008-01-12 22:54 PM
一方面觉得这样的生活还算不错,一方面又觉得活得比较糟糕,所以我应该是适度幸福的吧
物质上的无由是前提,其次精神上的层面才可以升华. 幸福是自我的感受. 有无目标那是个人的人生态度罢了. 只不过中国人喜欢以某一固定的价值体系来衡量每一个人,实在是可悲. 这也是那么多人GOING ABROAD(INCLUDING ME).
Guest:2008-01-13 16:08 PM
我觉得我的生活不是很称心,但是我也喜欢参加公益活动.是哪组啊?呵呵
既要知足常乐,也不能安于现状~
这是我常对自己说的一句话
我想Mother Teresa 和证严法师是不是最幸福的人?
生不带来, 死不带去, 淡淡的过一生, 静看人生百态…
Jan:2008-01-13 23:17 PM
是啊,maslow hierarchy 实用于常人你我, 我想mother teresa was the most contented person (or blissful?) i ever know…
Jan:2008-01-13 23:35 PM
生存的目的是???
pray:2008-01-14 18:46 PM
我应该属于适度幸福组吧,不过我宁愿很幸福少8000美圆奖金,总是不知足并不好,是贪婪的本性
SISY:2008-01-15 12:21 PM
?
sue:2008-01-16 22:11 PM
每个人的幸福标准不一样,当自己觉得幸福就可以了```
小小:2008-01-18 16:50 PM
我不知道啊?也是很难说呀!你说是嘛?
asun:2008-01-18 23:20 PM
我属于总是在追求的那种,很累,最后想想也不知道追求的是否真那么有意义。
安蒂:2008-02-12 23:26 PM
那有什么方法去调节这两者的缺陷么?
Guest:2008-02-18 10:45 AM
http://www.newsweek.com/id/73896
相关的一则报告
Nicole:2008-02-25 13:32 PM
我总是太刻意的想去追求幸福,想过的比别人好,但是结果是我忽视了很多重要的东西,好累
owef:2008-03-25 19:29 PM
我是对自己相当不满意的部分
anne:2008-03-28 12:25 PM
其实不管哪个 还是看自身想要什么 一个怎样的生活状态
彩虹:2008-04-16 11:54 AM
对幸福过分的追求,反而会使你远离幸福
仙鹅湖:2008-04-23 17:30 PM
我是适度幸福,适度知足,但我觉得还应继续努力。
Guest:2008-04-26 17:10 PM
我是一个时时刻刻给自己施加压力的人。正所一波接一波,永无停息的人。
所谓的幸福是什么我都不知道。我的生活中没《知足》这二字。
123:2008-04-29 9:04 AM
适度幸福就好
郭清:2008-05-30 12:01 PM
我觉得我是适度幸福的人。,我总不满足现状。所以老是累的很。
yulifes:2008-06-14 16:47 PM
虽然经常会不开心 但是我觉得自己还是幸福的 可能是因为我还不需要独立的面对生活吧
不懂幸福的人:2008-06-23 23:50 PM
我很不知足,所以我感到我有點不幸!
到底怎么才能讓自己知足,我真的不知道.
什么是幸福?我不知道自己是否满足了。但是我仍然不明白幸福的含义。我也不知道什么是不知足。也许人活着就是幸福
|℡●悇婂淓:2008-06-28 13:48 PM
幸福就在我们的身边。只要用心感受。不要不知足
|℡●悇婂淓:2008-06-28 13:56 PM
QQ670909846.不要把幸福关闭在心灵深处
迷途的羔羊:2008-07-11 1:32 AM
我是适度幸福的人吧,要不怎么会觉得不快乐?
wakanunu:2008-08-04 13:06 PM
幸福 我不幸福我也幸福。从外表表面看来,该有的有了。我幸福伐。没有得到自己想要的就不幸福,呵呵。总是觉得自己不快乐?没有宁静的心灵。安抚不了自己的心灵。我很痛苦。
2个奶子都漏出来了:2008-12-07 22:57 PM
我太无私了,被电大女生,走狗臭婊子王丹和她的主子淫荡男生给害死了
初入禅门:2009-02-22 20:57 PM
文章写得不错 幸福不是人们能讨论明白的话题啊 就好像‘人为什么活着’一样 本人初学乍道 希望能交到研究心理学的朋友 QQ87308090 PS:31楼太变态了 怎么能在此圣地说这些 建议你直接去抽那两个人 祝福你
漂浮的阿云:2011-05-20 17:40 PM
我很幸福~
我来说两句